NSP
This group of structure polysacharides is part of fibre complex. Part of them is water-soluble. NSP are limited digestible or indigestible. Wiews on NSP are different from human nutrition side and animal nutrition one. Food fibre is a factor which participate in decrease of cholesterol level, limitation of colon cancer occurance, prevention of obesity, diabetes mellitus and constipation. NSP in animal nutrition has negattive effect on performance.
NSP decrease nutrients efficiency in poultry and pigs. The primary, but not the only one, cause of antinutritional effects is increasing of stercus viscosity and amount by disolved NSP. By this way the substrates, digestive enzymes, but also smudget bile acids mobility is restricted and possibities for touch them with chyme are limited. The conditions for nutrients absorption, contact with enteric mucosa get worse, the intestinal villuses are sticked up. NSP can make complexes with digestive enzymes whereby decline their activity. The efficiency of almost all nutrients decrease, but mainly saturated fat's and lipophilic vitamins.
Higher level of NSP in poultry feed ratio induce lower feed intake and weight gain because of worse nutrient efficiency. The water consuption decrease, digestive system increase, development of colon anaerobic microflora rise and water level in chymus and ordure increase. All of this has backwatsch on bedding and worse microclimet in stable. In light of antinutritional effects the most important Of NSP are β-glucans and arabinoxylanes. Level of NSP in feeds are variable. Differences in composition leads to different physical properties, e.g. to different water solubility and ability to fix a water. A lot of polysacharides made a viscous solution with water.
Total and water-soluble β-D-glucans and pethosans in dry matter of cereals percentage content (HENRY, 1985; AMAN and GRAHAM, 1987)
| cereals | β-D-glucans | pentosans | ||
| total | water-soluble | total | water-soluble | |
| barley | 4.4 | 2.7 | 5.7 | 0.2 |
| oats | 3.3 | 2.3 | 77 | 0.4 |
| rye | 1.9 | 0.7 | 8.5 | 2.6 |
| wheat | 0.7 | 0.7 | 6.6 | 1.2 |